TypeError: Missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'" in Python?

I’m trying to call a method on an object in Python, but I’m getting a “TypeError: Missing 1 required positional argument: ‘self’” error. Here’s my code:

I’m not sure why I’m getting this error, since I’ve defined the method with a self parameter. Can anyone help me figure out what’s going on here? Are there any alternate ways to fix this error?

Also, can someone explain what the self parameter is and why it’s needed in Python classes? And how does it relate to the error message I’m seeing? Thank you for any help you can provide.